Mineral Resources: Fossils

The approximate age of the Earth is—

Which of the following best defines fossil fuels?

Which group represents the three fossil fuels mentioned in the text?

Coal is mainly formed from—

Petroleum is formed from—

As the change goes on, petroleum gradually turns into—

In Bangladesh, petroleum has been traced along with natural gas in—

The major component (element) of coal is—

The main element of petroleum is—

Hydrocarbons are compounds composed only of—

Hydrocarbon is a—

Which group of compounds is mainly created from hydrocarbons?

Which set of conditions led to the formation of fossil fuels?

The time scale for the formation of fossil fuels is—

The major component of natural gas is—

The percentage of methane in natural gas obtained in Bangladesh is approximately—

The percentage of ethane in Bangladesh natural gas is—

The percentage of propane in Bangladesh natural gas is—

The percentage of butane in Bangladesh natural gas is—

The percentage of pentane in Bangladesh natural gas is—

Besides methane, which of the following are also available in natural gas?

Petroleum is generally found at a depth of—

What helps petroleum to come up to the surface when a well is dug?

Petroleum obtained directly from the well is called—

Crude oil is opaque and sometimes has a bad smell because of the presence of—

Crude oil is mainly a mixture of—

The crude oil is separated through—

In a fractional distillation column, the highest temperature is at the—

As one moves up the fractional distillation column, the temperature—

The boiling point range of petroleum gas is—

The number of carbons in the hydrocarbon molecules of petroleum gas is—

The percentage of petroleum gas in petroleum is—

LPG stands for—

LPG is used mainly for—

The boiling point range of petrol (gasoline) is—

The number of carbons in petrol molecules is—

Another name for petrol is—

The percentage of petrol in petroleum is—

Gasoline is used as fuel in—

The boiling point range of naphtha is—

The number of carbons in naphtha molecules is—

The percentage of naphtha in petroleum is—

Naphtha is used as—

The boiling point range of kerosene is—

The number of carbons in kerosene molecules is—

The percentage of kerosene in petroleum is—

Kerosene is used as fuel of—

The boiling point range of diesel is—

The number of carbons in diesel molecules is—

Diesel is used as—

The boiling point range of paraffin wax is—

The number of carbons in paraffin wax molecules is—

Paraffin wax is used in producing—

The boiling point of pitch is—

The number of carbons in pitch molecules is—

Pitch is used in—

A hydrocarbon is a compound that contains only—

The formula of cyclohexane is—

Hydrocarbons are mainly of two types—

The word "Aliphatic" means—

Aliphatic hydrocarbons are so named because they are mainly obtained from—

Aliphatic hydrocarbons are of two types—

In an open chain hydrocarbon, the two terminal carbons remain—

Which of the following is an example of an open chain alkane?

Open chain hydrocarbons are subdivided into—

A saturated open chain hydrocarbon contains only—

Which is a saturated open chain hydrocarbon?

An unsaturated open chain hydrocarbon contains—

The unsaturated open chain hydrocarbon containing a C=C double bond is called—

The unsaturated open chain hydrocarbon containing a C≡C triple bond is called—

Closed chain hydrocarbons are sometimes called—

Cyclopropane and cyclobutane are examples of—

Cyclopropene and cyclobutene are examples of—

The word "Aromatic" comes from a Greek word that means—

Aromatic compounds were so named because the first such compounds were—

The formula of benzene is—

The formula of naphthalene is—

Aromatic compounds are generally—

Members of a homologous series share—

The general formula of alkanes is—

The general formula of alkenes is—

The general formula of alcohols is—

The general formula of aldehydes is—

The general formula of carboxylic acids is—

The first member of the alkane homologous series is—

The first member of the alkene homologous series is—

The first member of the alcohol homologous series is—

According to Table 11.01, the initial members of the aldehyde series are—

According to Table 11.01, the initial members of the carboxylic acid series are—

Hydrocarbons that have only carbon-carbon single bonds in their carbon chain are called—

The formula of methane is—

The formula of ethane is—

The 5-carbon alkane is named—

The 6-carbon alkane is—

The 7-carbon alkane is—

The 8-carbon alkane is—

The 9-carbon alkane is—

The 10-carbon alkane is—

Alkanes are called Paraffin because the term means—

Alkanes generally take part in chemical reactions only under—

According to IUPAC, alkanes are named by adding which suffix to the Greek number prefix?

An alkyl radical is formed by removing—

The general formula of an alkyl radical R is—

The methyl radical is derived from—

The ethyl radical is derived from—

Alkyl radicals are named by replacing the (-ane) ending with—

When hydrogen is heated with carbon dioxide at 250°C in the presence of a nickel catalyst, the products are—

The catalyst used in preparing methane from $\mathrm{CO_2}$ and $\mathrm{H_2}$ is—

Ethene + $\mathrm{H_2}$ in the presence of nickel at 180°C–200°C produces—

Ethyne + $2\mathrm{H_2}$ in presence of Ni at 180°C–200°C gives—

The decarboxylation of sodium ethanoate with soda lime gives—

Soda lime is a mixture of—

Calcium oxide (CaO) is required in the decarboxylation reaction because—

The byproduct sodium carbonate ($\mathrm{Na_2CO_3}$) in alkane preparation comes from—

Saturated hydrocarbons with carbon number 1–4 are in—

Saturated hydrocarbons with carbon number 5–15 are mostly—

Saturated hydrocarbons with carbon number ≥ 16 are—

The boiling point of pentane (a 5-C saturated hydrocarbon) is—

Alkanes are chemically inactive, so they generally do not react with—

The reaction of methane with chlorine occurs in the presence of—

The chlorination of methane is completed in—

After complete chlorination of methane, the final product is—

In each phase of methane chlorination, the byproduct released is—

In the combustion of methane with oxygen, the products are—

The balanced combustion equation of methane is—

An alkene is a hydrocarbon that has at least one—

Alkenes are sometimes called "Olifin" (Olefin), which (Greek "Olefiant") means—

Alkenes are called Olifin because their lower members produce an oily substance when reacted with—

Alkenes are named by replacing the (-ane) ending of the corresponding alkane with—

The structural formula of ethene is—

The structural formula of propene is—

When sodium hydroxide solution is heated with ethyl chloride, the products are—

When deep (concentrated) sulphuric acid is heated with ethanol, the products are—

Alkenes are chemically very active because—

Ethene + H$_2$ at 180°C–200°C with nickel produces—

Alkene reacts with water vapour at high temperature and high pressure in presence of phosphoric acid to produce—

The catalyst used in hydration of ethene to ethanol is—

Ethene + H$_2$O (high T, P, phosphoric acid) gives—

Why is the alkene-to-alcohol hydration reaction important industrially?

When red bromine solution is added to ethene, the product is—

In the reaction of ethene with bromine, the colour observation is—

The bromine-water test is used to prove that a compound is—

When pink potassium permanganate (with KOH) is added to ethene with water, the product is—

In the KMnO$_4$ + KOH oxidation of ethene, the colour observation is—

The KMnO$_4$ test in alkaline medium proves a hydrocarbon is—

Polythene is produced when ethene is heated at—

In the polymerization of ethene, ethene is referred to as the—

An alkyne is a hydrocarbon containing at least one—

The general formula of alkynes is—

The smallest straight-chain member of the alkyne group is—

Alkynes are named by replacing the (-ane) ending of alkanes with—

The IUPAC name of CH≡CH is—

The structure $\mathrm{CH_3{-}C{\equiv}CH}$ is named—

The structure $\mathrm{CH_3{-}C{\equiv}C{-}CH_3}$ is named—

The product when water is added to calcium carbide is—

Ethyne + 2H$_2$ over nickel at 180°C–200°C produces—

Ethyne reacts with red bromine solution to give—

Ethyne reacts with water at 80°C in presence of 20% H$_2$SO$_4$ and 2% HgSO$_4$ to give—

The functional group of alcohols is—

Which of the following has –OH but is NOT classified as an alcohol?

The first member of the alcohol homologous series is—

Alcohols are symbolised in short by—

The initial members of the alcohol series are—

Alcohols are named (IUPAC) by replacing the final "e" of the alkane name with—

The IUPAC name CH$_3$CH$_2$OH is—

Bromoethane reacts with aqueous sodium hydroxide on heating to give—

The reagent NaOH (aq) used in the conversion of bromoethane to ethanol functions to—

The functional group of aldehydes is—

Aldehydes are named (IUPAC) by replacing the final "e" of the alkane name with—

The first member of the aldehyde class is—

The structure of propanal is—

According to the text, formalin is a 40% liquid solution of—

Formalin's main industrial/laboratory use is—

Ethanal is produced when ethyne reacts with H$_2$O at 80°C in the presence of—

The functional group of organic (fatty) acids is—

Organic acids are symbolised in short as—

Fatty acids are named (IUPAC) by replacing the final "e" of the alkane name with—

The IUPAC name of CH$_3$COOH is—

Ethanoic acid is prepared from ethanal by adding—

The role of K$_2$Cr$_2$O$_7$ + H$_2$SO$_4$ in the ethanal-to-ethanoic acid reaction is to—

Fatty acids are—

Aqueous solutions of fatty acids turn—

Fatty acids react with bases/alkali to produce—

Ethanoic acid + NaOH gives—

Vinegar is a 4% to 10% aqueous solution of—

Vinegar acts as a food preservative because—

Saturated alkane reacts with halogen in presence of sunlight to give—

Alkene + HBr in presence of H$_2$O$_2$ gives—

Alkyl halide reacted with aqueous NaOH gives—

Alcohol oxidised by a strong oxidant (K$_2$Cr$_2$O$_7$ + H$_2$SO$_4$) first gives aldehyde/ketone, which is then converted to—

Alkene + H$_2$O at 300°C and 60 atm in presence of phosphoric acid produces—

Alkyne (ethyne) + H$_2$O in presence of 2% HgSO$_4$ and 20% H$_2$SO$_4$ produces—

Why is the use of HgSO$_4$ discouraged in industries?

Organic acid is produced when an alkane obtained from petroleum is oxidised by—

Methanol is—

The main use of methanol is in the—

Ethanol is mainly used as a solvent in—

A 96% liquid solution of ethanol is known as—

Rectified spirit is used in—

Methylated spirit is rectified spirit mixed with a small amount of—

Methylated spirit is used to—