C-06 — Transport in Organisms

What percentage of protoplasm is water?

Why is water called the fluid of life?

Which of the following is NOT an important use of water in a plant body?

The process by which dry or half-dry colloidal substances absorb liquid is called:

Which substance is hydrophilic in nature?

The spreading of incense fragrance throughout a room is an example of:

Diffusion is the movement of molecules from a region of:

The potential energy of a substance to diffuse from higher to lower concentration at constant temperature and pressure is called:

Under the same atmospheric pressure, the difference between the diffusion pressure of a solution and that of its solvent is called:

When constricted raisins placed in water swell up and become turgid, the process responsible is:

Movement of a solvent through a selectively permeable membrane from a solution of lower concentration to a solution of higher concentration is called:

In osmosis, the solvent flows from:

Which is essential to demonstrate osmosis between two solutions?

Plants generally absorb which type of water from the soil through their roots?

Water enters into the root hair cell through which processes?

The main region of mineral salt absorption in plants is the:

Mineral salts are absorbed by plants in the form of:

Active absorption of mineral salts requires:

Passive absorption of salts is accomplished through which processes?

From the cortex tissue, water moves to the vascular bundle by passing through the:

Water and mineral salts are conducted upward through the:

Food produced in leaves is translocated through the:

Consider the following forces involved in raising cell sap to the leaves:

In phloem tissue, organic compounds can move:

Cell sap refers to:

Phloem translocation of food occurs through:

A sieve tube cell is best described as:

The chemical substance whose deposition blocks sieve openings in winter is:

Which of the following is NOT a component of the phloem bundle?

After respiration, the remaining food is usually stored in:

Companion cells are found in which vascular tissue?

The physiological process by which water is released from aerial parts of a plant in the form of vapour is called:

Which is NOT a recognised type of transpiration?

What percentage of total transpiration in a plant occurs through stomata?

The cuticle layer on the epidermis of a leaf is made of:

Lenticular transpiration occurs through openings called lenticels which develop on:

Stomata are bounded by which special pair of cells?

Which factor accelerates the rate of transpiration?

When relative humidity is high, the rate of transpiration:

In the dark, stomata are usually:

With increase in wind velocity, the rate of transpiration generally:

At low atmospheric pressure, the rate of transpiration:

Which of the following is an INTERNAL factor controlling transpiration?

Which scientist designated transpiration as a 'necessary evil'?

Why is transpiration called a 'necessary evil'? Consider:

Many plants shed leaves in winter mainly to:

The diffusion pressure deficit in mesophyll cells of a leaf is developed because of:

Stomata are present on:

The circulatory system of human beings is described as:

Approximately how long does blood take to circulate throughout the whole body?

The two types of circulatory systems in humans are:

The lymphatic system consists of:

Advantages of a closed circulatory system include:

Blood is best described as a:

Blood originates from:

Two main components of blood are:

Plasma constitutes about what % of the total volume of blood?

The main component of plasma is:

Which of the following is NOT a plasma protein?

The three types of blood cells are:

The average viability (lifespan) of a red blood cell is:

There are approximately how many red blood cells per cubic millilitre of an adult male's blood?

Red blood cells are best described as:

Haemoglobin in red blood cells transports:

If the number of red blood cells is not adequate, the disease that develops is:

The number of white blood cells per cubic millilitre of human blood is:

The average viability of a white blood cell is:

White blood cells kill germs mainly by the process of:

In mammals, which blood cell contains DNA?

Which of the following is an agranulocyte?

Lymphocytes are best described as:

Granulocyte white blood cells include:

Which white blood cells prevent allergy by secreting histamine?

Heparin, which inhibits blood clot formation inside blood vessels, is secreted by:

Lymphocytes are produced in:

Excessive increase of white blood cells in blood causes:

Dead white blood cells turn into:

Approximately how many platelets are present per cubic millilitre of blood?

The average viability of platelets is:

When endothelial surface of a blood vessel is injured, platelets release a chemical substance called:

Thromboplastin transforms which protein into thrombin?

Thrombin acts on fibrinogen to convert it into:

Which vitamin is essential for the process of blood clotting?

Carbon dioxide is transported in plasma mainly in the form of:

Which of the following is NOT a function of blood?

The number of red blood cells is approximately how many times the number of white blood cells?

Who first classified human blood and named it into four groups in 1901?

According to the ABO system, human blood is classified into how many groups?

Group A blood possesses:

Group AB blood possesses:

People with which blood group are called universal donors?

People with which blood group are called universal recipients?

A person with blood group B can receive blood from:

The Rhesus (Rh) factor is a kind of:

If the Rhesus factor does not match in blood transfusion, the recipient's condition:

A negative blood group does NOT contain which antigen?

Tests mandatory before blood transfusion are:

A healthy person can donate at a time how much blood?

A healthy person can donate blood once every:

How many red blood corpuscles are produced every second in a healthy human body?

In the ABO system, antigens A and B are present on the:

The human heart is situated:

The heart consists of:

The thin membrane that surrounds the heart is called the:

The middle layer of the heart wall is the:

The innermost layer of the heart wall is the:

The human heart is divided into how many chambers?

The upper chambers of the heart are called:

The tricuspid valve is made up of how many flaps?

The bicuspid valve guards the:

Semilunar valves serve to:

The two atria of the heart are separated by the:

Contraction of the heart is called:

Diastole of the heart refers to:

Deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium through the:

Oxygenated blood enters the left atrium through the:

The pulmonary artery carries:

Oxygenated blood is pumped into the aorta from the:

A complete heart beat consists of:

Based on size, shape and function, blood vessels are of how many types?

Which type of blood vessel generally carries oxygenated blood away from the heart?

The exception which is an artery but carries deoxygenated blood is the:

The outer layer of an artery, made of connective tissue, is called the:

The middle layer (tunica media) of an artery is made up of:

Veins differ from arteries because veins:

The pulmonary vein is exceptional because it carries:

Capillaries connect:

The pulse felt at the wrist is mainly the result of:

The pulse can be felt by pressing the finger tips on the:

Normal blood pressure of a healthy adult is generally near about:

The systolic blood pressure is the pressure in the artery during:

The ideal diastolic pressure should be less than:

The difference between the systolic and diastolic pressures in the arteries is called:

The normal pulse rate of an adult at rest is about:

Pulse rate is normally measured at the:

The instrument used to measure blood pressure is called a:

Hypertension is diagnosed when:

According to the World Health Organization report, by 2020 the number one life-threatening disease will be:

Causes of hypertension include:

The primary symptom of hypertension is:

Before measuring blood pressure, the patient should rest for at least:

Cholesterol is a compound produced from the hydrocarbon:

Cholesterol circulates in the blood as:

Which type of cholesterol is referred to as 'bad cholesterol'?

Which type of cholesterol is referred to as 'good cholesterol'?

Generally what percentage of cholesterol in our blood is LDL?

Foods that contain a high amount of cholesterol include:

Pain in the chest due to insufficient blood circulation in the coronary artery (from fat accumulation) is called:

Cholesterol is involved in the production of which hormones?

In the presence of sunlight, cholesterol in the skin prepares which vitamin?

Cholesterol is essential for the metabolism of which group of vitamins?

The sediment of cholesterol in the gall bladder forms:

In the embryonic stage, red blood cells are produced in the:

Cancer of blood cells is known as:

According to WHO, the number of types of leukemia is more than:

Major treatments of leukemia include:

A characteristic symptom of leukemia is:

Heart attack is medically known as:

The three main blood vessels supplying the heart are called:

Which is a typical symptom of heart attack?

A diabetic patient may have a heart attack:

Which of the following is NOT a measure to keep the heart healthy?

Rheumatic fever is a disease caused by:

The initial attack of rheumatic fever usually occurs in:

The drug commonly recommended for rheumatic fever is:

What is the name of the membrane that surrounds the heart?

Through which process does a raisin swell when soaked in water?

Aiyan's blood group is A, Tamim's is B, Tasnia's is AB and Faizan's is O. If Aiyan needs blood, who can donate to him?

Tasnia (whose blood group is AB):

Oxygen is transported through the blood mainly as:

Trees shed their leaves in winter primarily to:

Gallstones can be formed from the deposition of:

What is cuticular transpiration?

Through which process does the fragrance of garden flowers spread around?

White blood cells defend the body by:

Early symptoms of angina or heart attack include:

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for coronary heart disease?